Publications and media
Financial Systems - 2018-2022 Strategy: Summary of the Midterm Review
The Financial Systems strategy was adopted in 2018. Faced with the challenges and opportunities of a radically changing sector, its purpose is to contribute to building inclusive, sustainable and resp...
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Evaluation Summary - Social protection policy-based loan, Egypt
The objective of AFD’s intervention was to improve the equity and financial sustainability of the social protection system. It was structured around two pillars: supporting the implementat...
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The middle class in Argentina: dynamics, characteristics and implications for public policies
Argentina is generally considered as the typical middle-class country in Latin America. Yet, while the successive crises that have hit the Argentinean economy over the four last decades have obviously...
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Atlantic Ocean - 2021 Activity Report
Beyond the diversity of the territories of the Atlantic Ocean, common issues invite us to think about a regional development of the basin to bring the actors into dialogue, find sustainable solutions...
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Social Safety Nets and Food Insecurity in the Time of COVID-19: Selected MENA Countries
COVID-19 is testing food and social protection systems in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region at an unprecedented scale. Countries responded by expanding social safety nets (SSNs) and/or di...
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Social Safety Nets and Food Insecurity in MENA in the Time of COVID-19
A total of 52 million people in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) were chronically undernourished in 2019. About eight million more were expected to fall into poverty and be food insecure in the...
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Gender and Mental Health: COVID-19 shock-related factors
At the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, the self-reported mental well-being of women in certain Middle East and North African (MENA) countries was significantly worse compared to that of men. New analys...
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Populations' behavior analysis toward Covid-19 safety measures: Evidence from Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia
This policy brief assesses the COVID-19 safety measures use practices of some MENA populations, namely: Algerian, Moroccan and Tunisian populations. To this end, three waves of data provided by rapid...
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Mental Health and Gender Inequality in the MENA Region: An Analysis of Shock Related Factors Within the Contex...
This paper investigates the potential associations between factors that affected households during the pandemic (such as food insecurity) and the gendered mental health inequalities in the MENA region...
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Populations' Behavior Toward Covid-19 Safety Measures: Evidence from Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia
The present study aims to analyze the populations’ behavior toward COVID-19 safety measures in each of Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. In this direction, a particular focus is put on which safety measu...
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How do international organizations address the articulation between gender and climate?
It is not prior to the 2010s that the gendered aspects of climate action were comprehensively addressed and started to permeate the climate change agenda through the Conferences of Parties. Over the p...
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Women and Youth labor market outcomes during Covid19: evidence from Egypt and Jordan
In response to the onslaught of Covid-19, many countries introduced lockdowns and social distancing measures of varying stringency, with severe repercussions for labor market participants. Youth and f...
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Resilience in the Time of Covid-19: Lessons Learned from MENA SMEs
Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represent an important socioeconomic pillar that contributes to overall economic activity in many developing countries. The Covid-19 pandemic that emerged in...
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2021 Universal Registration Document
Eighty years after its creation by General de Gaulle on 2 December 1941, the AFD Group continues its relentless quest for impact. It is in this spirit that AFD, guided by the 2030 Agenda of the United...
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Resilience in the Time of Covid-19: Lessons Learned from MENA SMEs
We investigate the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in four non-oil-exporting MENA countries (Jordan, Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt). Using data from a recen...
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Research Conversations replay: Strong environmental sustainability and international commitments: setting the ...
This webinar is part of the conference series 'Research Conversations'.
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First Out, Last In amid COVID-19: Employment Vulnerability of Youths in the Middle East
This study estimates the impacts of the evolving COVID-19 crisis on the trends in workers’ employment outcomes in Egypt and Jordan. Using panel microdata from ERF COVID-19 MENA Monitors, waves 1–5 (Ju...
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Urban Development and Support for Local Authorities - 2021 Activity Report
AFD provides cities with support for taking up the challenges of urban growth, social and territorial inequalities, and vulnerability of urban areas. It promotes sustainable cities as a process of des...
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Sahel - 2021 Activity Report
Development in the Greater Sahel region (Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Chad) is marked by contrasts. The wide range of issues require a collective...
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Climate - 2021 Activity Report
Climate change and biodiversity loss could jeopardize efforts to fulfill the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Capping the rise in global temperatures to below 2°C – or even to 1.5 °C if p...
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Beirut: a healthcare center for the disadvantaged
In a context of deterioration of the Lebanese health system, AFD, trough Minka Peace and resilience fund, has decided to intervene to ensure the provision of quality and sustainable health care to Leb...
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